The APP lays out a policy project that emerges from a market failure, government failure, or both.  It presents an imperative for the problem to be solved and explores 3-5 policy alternatives for its resolution, including, as Bardach states, “letting present trends continue.”  It assesses alternatives by first projecting outcomes under each case, and then examining them through cost-effectiveness analysis, benefit-cost-benefit analysis, or other related analyses.  It uses an outcomes matrix to summarize this assessment and concerns about policy adoption and the implementation of different policy alternatives.  Relying, in part, on the outcomes matrix, your policy project will identify for your client a preferred policy alternative.