How do you efficiently change the genetic fingerprint of a cell for personalized medicine? Cells are factories, and we as engineers want to control individual production lines (genetic fingerprints) to determine the overall output (cell phenotype). How do you fabricate biomaterials surfaces that control cell behaviors using individual molecules on the cell surfaces? Cells are agents in a complex physiological signaling network, and we as engineers want to optimize communication among cells and tissues to improve patient health. How can you harness nanotechnology to design inexpensive kits to diagnose diseases in low-resource countries? It’s one thing to discuss such questions in a classroom setting and another thing to figure out practical ways to actually solve them in the laboratory or clinic. The future of medicine will rely on personalization of therapy at the molecular scale; this class will introduce you to nanotechnology-based tools you will need to explore these medical challenges in your future careers.